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Invasive brain-computer interface technology will drive disruptive changes in medical technology


2022-09-30


The human brain is the most complex system in nature, and the diseases related to the brain are also extremely complex. According to statistics, the global brain disease patients account for about 11% of all diseases, and the social burden is close to 30% of the total human disease burden. Among them, the number of patients with various brain diseases in my country is nearly 130 million. Brain disease has become a major public health problem, social problem and people's livelihood problem.

In this context, various countries have listed brain science and brain programs as their research priorities. In 2016, the China Brain Project was included in the national "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" as a major scientific and technological project. Recently, at the 2022 World Artificial Intelligence Conference held at the Shanghai World Expo Center, Brain Tiger Technology, the most representative enterprise of invasive brain-computer interface in China, released the scientific and technological achievements of flexible brain-computer interface with independent intellectual property rights to the world, further leading and Promoting the core and key technologies of my country's brain science and intelligent technology will help break the technological monopoly of Western countries.

According to the research purpose and definition of brain science, research related to brain science is mainly divided into three levels: brain cognition, brain protection and brain creation. Among them, the research on brain cognition has the highest proportion, followed by brain protection, and brain creation, that is, the development of brain functions or the use of brain function development technologies, such as brain-inspired research, brain-computer interface, etc., due to the high degree of difficulty. . Tao Hu, deputy director of the Shanghai Institute of Microsystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, founder and chief scientist of Brain Tiger Technology, said that the core challenge of brain-computer interface is how to maximize the use of the brain and minimize damage to the brain, which is a complex system engineering.

So how to make the best use of the brain in the process of brain creation? From the current application point of view, it can be divided into two methods: invasive and non-invasive. The signals of the invasive brain-computer interface are more accurate and high-frequency, which can transmit signals and control machines more accurately. The most important thing is that the invasive brain-computer interface can not only read EEG signals to control external equipment, but also can Precise electrical stimulation can then produce specific sensations in the brain. Therefore, in the field of medical technology, invasive brain-computer interface technology has more advantages.

Moreover, in the next three to five years, medical clinical applications will still be the mainstream direction of invasive brain-computer interface applications. Professor Wang Shouyan, deputy dean of the Brain-inspired Intelligence Science and Technology Research Institute of Fudan University, believes that the brain-computer interface is about to land on three sub-tracks: the first is the direction of reading the brain, that is, decoding brain information, and interpreting people's inner consciousness and emotions , so that patients with disorders of consciousness, autism and other symptoms can re-connect with the world; the second is the direction of brain-computer interaction, that is, to improve the symptoms of brain supplementation through external stimulation, and in the future, it will adapt to four or five kinds of depression, pain, epilepsy, etc. There are many clinical applications in the field of disease; the third is the direction of non-invasive brain-computer interface, which promotes the development of digital medicine by combining hardware with cognitive neuroscience.

Peng Lei, founder and CEO of Brain Tiger Technology, said that the future of invasive brain-computer interface will usher in three stages: human-computer interaction, human-computer symbiosis, and human-computer twinning. In the next five years, the invasive brain-computer interface will be oriented to the scientific research and medical fields to help patients with ALS, high paraplegia, vision, and hearing disorders to be further treated. In the second five years, invasive brain-computer interfaces will involve health, games, education and other fields to help children improve their attention and relieve ADHD. In the future, invasive brain-computer interface technology is expected to realize the coexistence of knowledge and memory, from human-computer symbiosis to human-computer twinning, and will drive disruptive changes in the medical technology industry.

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